Seven Dwarfs, err, Planets

Summary: In a brand new press release from NASA, the agency has announced a discovery of seven Earth-sized planets, in the habitable-zone, around a single star. This is the largest star system with such properties and I am excited. The discovery was made by the Spitzer Space Telescope and follow up with ground based observatories.

To be fair, only three of these planets are definitely in the habitable zone, but with the right atmospheric conditions, all seven are likely to have liquid water. This exoplanet system has been called TRAPPIST-1 and the densities show that all planets are likely to be rocky planets like the inner planets of our own solar system. Unlike our sun, this star is an ultra-cool dwarf star that allows all of these planets to be closer to their star than Mercury is to our star. With all of these planets being so close, it is possible that an individual standing on the surface of one planet may be able to look up at the sky and see geological features on the neighboring planet without the aid of binoculars. We can barely do this with our own moon despite how close it is.

If you wanted to visit this system, it is relatively close to us, at only 40 light-years away in the constellation of Aquarius. But until we invent better spacecraft we can only take advantage of the nearness by turning more telescopes to the system. Hubble and Kepler are doing follow-up observations and, when it launches, the James Webb Space Telescope will collect further data.

NASA press release
360 VR of exoplanet surface
Nature

Artist's conception of the system based on known diameters, masses, and orbital distances, NASA JPL, Caltech

Mapping Exoplanetary Clouds

Summary: If you thought meteorologists on Earth had it hard, check out what these NASA scientists have decided to tackle. They have recently mapped the clouds of the planet Kepler-7b almost 1,000 light years away. By using low-res images from Spitzer and Kepler they were able to compile a map of sorts. It was determined that the clear-reflective signature seen on parts of the images would be clouds. One of the interesting finds is that this planet seems to have a very stable climate with very little change over time.
This marks the beginning of a new era of exoplanetary study. No longer are we simply finding them and adding them to our list with a few details such as size, mass, and distance from their sun. We are now beginning to understand the planet itself.



BBC News

Spitzer’s Tenth Birthday Slideshow

In honor of Spitzer’s tenth year of searching for Dark Matter, BBC Future has compiled a short collection of some of it’s most brilliant images. If you enjoy astrophotography or are looking for a new desktop wallpaper, check out the pictures.

BBC Future